(PDF) Use of alternative fuels in cement industry

The energy intensive industries in Egypt consume 51% of the local energy generated. Cement represents 59% of such share. The cement, refractories and fertilizers industries are responsible for 32 ...

he Influence of Water Cement Ratio to the Ability of ...

semen dan air, dalam tiga variasi faktor air semen, yaitu 0,4, 0,5, dan 0,6. Sumber radiasi yang digunakan adalah Europium-152 (152Eu) pada tingkat energi 121,7824 keV, Iodium-131 (131I) yang memiliki intensitas energi 364,5 keV, dan Cesium-137 (137Cs) dengan intensitas energi 661,6 keV. Benda uji untuk masing-masing variasi fas terdiri dari dua

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Investigation of Ammonia and Trace Elements Leaching from ...

Investigation of Ammonia and Trace Elements Leaching from Cement and Concrete Products Amended with Cement Kiln and Coal.. ... because internal heating can become dan gerous to the structural integrity of the concrete. ... the immobilization mechanism for cesium in cement is thought to be purely physical encapsulation since cesium does not form ...

Adsorption characteristics of cesium onto calcium-silicate ...

The concrete building and paved roads in the urban areas can be exposed to cesium (Cs +) in case of the accidental release to environment.The adsorption kinetics of Cs + onto concrete powder was well-represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models adequately described the adsorption of Cs + onto the concrete ...

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Report on the Status of the Runit Dome in the Marshall Islands

environment include the fission products cesium-137 (137Cs) and strontium-90 (90Sr), as well as alpha-emitting plutonium (Pu) isotopes (e.g., 239Pu, 240Pu), and americium-241 (241Am). Of these radionuclides, 137Cs is the largest contributor to radiation doses. Cs, with a physical

Radionuclide Basics: Cesium-137 | US EPA

CESIUM IN RAPID SETTING CEMENT AS AN IMMOBILIZATION AGENT FOR NUCLEAR WASTE . A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University By Riyadh Monowr Motny

alkali | chemical compound | Britannica

alkali, any of the soluble hydroxides of the alkali metals—i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. Alkalies are strong bases that turn litmus paper from red to blue; they react with acids to yield neutral salts; and they are caustic and in concentrated form are corrosive to organic

Karakteristik Beton Portland Composite Cement (PCC) Dan ...

Sifat Mekanis dan Rembesan Beton Mutu Tinggi Menggunakan Agregat Halus Pasir Laut dan Bahan Tambah Silica Fume. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 12(1), 7–11. Ping, G., Beaudoin, J.J., Min, H. Z., & Malhotra,V.M. (1999). Performance of Steel Reinforcement in Portland Cement and High-Volume Fly Ash Concretes Exposed to Chloride Solution.

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Sorption of cesium onto the mineral phases and cement - CKAN

Nov 12, 2020· Sorption of cesium onto the mineral phases and cement of concrete and desorption into simple salt solutions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 165-171, (2016). Access & Use Information. Public: This …

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Table of concrete design properties (fcd, fctm, Ecm, fctd ...

Jan 01, 1992· Design values of concrete material properties according to EN Unit weight γ. The unit weight of concrete γ is specified in EN Annex A.For plain unreinforced concrete γ = 24 kN/m 3.For concrete with normal percentage of reinforcement or prestressing steel γ = 25 kN/m 3.. Characteristic compressive strength f ck. The characteristic compressive strength f ck is the first value ...

How the Kingston coal ash spill unearthed a nuclear ...

Dec 15, 2020· Cesium-137 also happens to be a byproduct of the nuclear reactions and weapons testing that began in the 1940s at the 35,000-acre Oak Ridge …

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Decontamination of Concrete with Aged and Recent Cesium ...

cesium from concrete. The objective of this evaluation was to quantify the effect of residence time of radiological contamination, such as would result from an urban "dirty bomb", on concrete relative to decontamination efficacy of various decontamination technologies. The technologies chosen for the evaluation were selected from among the

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Caesium - Wikipedia

Caesium (IUPAC spelling) (also spelled cesium in American English) is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-golden alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium.

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Reaksi dijalankan dalam reaktor dengan memvariasikan waktu (1, 2 dan 3 jam), konsentrasi katalis (3, 5 dan 7 %), ukuran partikel katalis (180, 250 dan 630μm) dan suhu reaksi (325, 350 dan 375°C).

(PDF) Environmental Impact of Concrete - ResearchGate

Oct 20, 2009· The use of concrete represents about 65% of all the building materials in the world [4]. This leads to overproduction of cement that results to environmental issues such as water pollution [5 ...

Fukushima disaster cleanup - Wikipedia

The Fukushima disaster cleanup is an ongoing attempt to limit radioactive contamination from the three nuclear reactors involved in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster that followed the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011.The affected reactors were adjacent to one another and accident management was made much more difficult because of the number of simultaneous hazards …

Crystal Structure Analysis

Elements of Modern X-ray Physics, 2nd Ed. by Jens Als-Nielsen and Des McMorrow, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2011 (Modern x-ray physics & new developments) X-ray Diffraction, by B.E. Warren, General Publishing Company, 1969, 1990 (Classic X-ray physics book)

The Illicit Spelunker Capturing Underground Scenes at ...

Apr 11, 2016· The explosion that occurred on April 26, 1986, blew off the building's four million pound concrete roof, as well as the upper walls, and part of the machine room. The fire burned at over 2,000 ...

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A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials ...

Jun 01, 2019· This suggests that for contaminated concrete waste and demolition debris, the cesium residing in the cement phases would be largely leachable in fresh or salty waters. Moreover, cesium found on the aggregate phases would be leachable, although to a much lesser extent. 3.6.2. Ammonium-based wash solutions

Radionuclide Basics: Cesium-137 | US EPA

Jul 14, 2021· Cesium in the Environment. Because Cs-137 bonds with chlorides to make a crystalline powder, it reacts in the environment like table salt (sodium chloride): Cesium moves easily through the air. Cesium dissolves easily in water. Cesium binds …

Adsorption of cesium on cement mortar from aqueous ...

Oct 30, 2011· Overall between 5 and 59% of cesium was adsorbed on cement mortar at equilibrium. The quantities of adsorbed Cs at equilibrium ranged from 0.0395 to 22.34 μg cesium/cm 2 of coupon surface. At the same time, the equilibrium concentration in solution ranged from 0.0069 mg L …

Dielectric Constant Chart

cement 1.5 - 2.1 cement (plain) 1.5 - 2.1 cement, portland 2.5-2.6 cement, powder 10-may cereals (dry) 3.0 - 5.0 cerese wax 2.4 cesium iodine 5.6 cetyl iodide 68 3.3 charcoal 1.2-1.81 chinaware, hard 7-apr chloracetic acid 140 12.3 chloracetone 29.8 chloral 68 4.9 chlorhexanone oxime 3 chlorine -50 2.1 chlorine 32 2 chlorine 142 1.5 chlorine ...